animal Type
Maximum Size

45 cm

(18 inches) across

Depth

60–1,000 m

(200–3,300 feet)

Habitat

Muddy seafloor

Diet

Invertebrates

crustaceans and worms, also detritus and occasionally fishes

Range

Northeastern Pacific Ocean

southern Alaska to Southern California

About

Don’t be fooled by this star’s sunny disposition.

A California sun star has a voracious appetite and it’s not picky about its next meal. It scuttles along the mud on an army of tiny tube feet, following the scent of a rotting feast. But this sea star doesn’t just dine on scavenged scraps—it can be a cunning predator. It feasts on crabs, amphipods, worms, and other small invertebrates by trapping them in its arms and swallowing a meal whole.

The surface of the star is also covered in tiny spines lined with pincers that puff up like pom-poms. When something swims too close or crawls on top, those pincers grab tight to help capture potential prey. Remarkably, MBARI’s remotely operated vehicles (or ROVs) have even seen this species snag fast-moving prey passing in the currents. A hungry sun star raises an arm to grab krill, shrimp, and fishes from the waters overhead.

Like other sea stars, this sun star can shed its arms when threatened. While the wiggling arm distracts its predator, the star scurries to safety and will regenerate its lost limbs.

 

Gallery

Video Clips

Publications

Lundsten, L., K.L. Schlining, K. Frasier, S.B. Johnson, L. Kuhnz, J. Harvey, G. Clague, and R.C. Vrijenhoek. 2010. Time-series analysis of six whale-fall communities in Monterey Canyon, California, USA. Deep-Sea Research Part I, 57: 1573–1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2010.09.003

Edgington, D.R., I. Kerkez, D. Oliver, D. Cline, L. Kuhnz, D. Walther, M.A. Ranzato, and P. Perona. 2005. Detection and classification of Rathbunaster Californicus in underwater video. AGU Joint Assembly meeting.

Lauerman, L.M.L. 1998. Diet and feeding behavior of the deep-water sea star Rathbunaster californicus (Fisher) in the Monterey Submarine Canyon. Bulletin of Marine Science, 63(3): 523–530.

Warén, A. and L.M. Lewis. 1994. Two new species of eulimid gastropods endoparasitic in asteroids. The Veliger, 37(4): 325–335.